【HR术语】什么是内部流动？（What is internal mobility?）
什么是内部流动？
内部流动是指员工在公司内部向新角色或职位的流动。这包括晋升（纵向流动）、调动和角色变化（横向流动）。
目前，许多企业都在使用内部流动战略来应对日益增长的人员流动率。良好的内部流动可以培养员工的技能，提高他们的工作满意度，甚至可以为企业节省时间和金钱。
为什么内部流动很重要？
在当前人员流动率居高不下的趋势下，内部流动可以成为提高员工留任率的有力工具。
通过为员工提供获得新经验的成长机会，可以提高整体工作满意度，从而降低员工离职另谋高就的可能性。
除了提高工作满意度，内部流动还能最大限度地发挥员工的才能。让员工体验不同的角色或部门，有助于他们发展新技能，使公司更加自给自足。
通过促进内部流动，你将拥有一支才华横溢、技能高超的团队，可以填补可能出现的大部分技能缺口--这样你就不必经常到公司外部寻找人才，从而节省了时间和金钱。
内部流动的例子
角色到角色的流动--员工在公司内部调动到相同资历的新角色。
调动--员工在不同地点继续担任组织内的相同职务。
晋升--团队成员晋升到公司更高级别的职位。
基于项目的流动--由具有不同专长的员工组成的团队为某一特定项目工作。
岗位轮换--员工在不同岗位或部门之间临时流动，以获得新的经验和学习新的技能。
发展计划--组织提供培训或发展计划，帮助员工掌握新技能，为在公司内担任不同角色做好准备。
内部流动的好处
降低成本--招聘新人的成本可能很高。企业可以通过聘用已经了解企业文化和流程的内部候选人来填补空缺职位，从而降低成本。
提高员工留任率--当员工感到自己有机会成长和晋升时，他们就更有可能长期留在公司。
提高参与度--有了在公司内学习、成长和接受新挑战的机会，员工会感到更有参与感和动力。
提高生产力--内部流动让员工接触到新的人员、流程和思维方式。这为团队成员提供了宝贵的知识，他们可以将这些知识运用到工作中。
如何促进内部流动？
您可以从建立内部流动计划开始。与每个部门的员工分享新的晋升或岗位轮换机会，明确表示欢迎每个人申请。
您还可以提供培训、在线课程和会议，帮助员工获得新技能和新知识。
通过招聘启事、内部通讯和定期的一对一交流，确保所有团队都了解这些机会，并激励员工去争取。给予他们追求发展目标所需的时间和支持。
另一种促进内部流动的方法是鼓励不同部门和团队之间的合作。这可以让员工接触到他们可能不熟悉的公司领域，并帮助他们与那些能为他们提供职业发展指导的人建立关系。
员工希望学习和成长。如果公司支持员工的发展和学习机会，那么最终也会帮助内部流动成为公司文化的一部分。
内部流动最佳实践
对于内部流动而言，重要的是为公司的每个职位制定清晰的职业发展路径。同时，要向所有员工开放机会，让他们可以尝试转换角色和传授技能。
说到这些机会，可以尝试组建一个招聘团队，寻找内部人才并从内部提拔。
为使这一做法行之有效，应在组织内部开展定期岗位轮换，以便对员工进行交叉培训，让他们在不同的岗位上积累经验，从而使他们具备所需的可转换技能，以便在他们愿意的情况下抓住这些机会。
内部流动是一项长期投资。但从长远来看，促进内部流动的企业会从中获益，创造一个高效的工作场所，让员工更加快乐。
以下为文章原文：
What is internal mobility?
Internal mobility is the movement of employees within a company to new roles or positions. This can include promotions (vertical mobility), as well as transfers and role changes (lateral mobility).
Many businesses are now using an internal mobility strategy to address the increasing rates of turnover. Good internal mobility develops employees’ skills, increases their job satisfaction, and can even save an organization time and money.
Why is internal mobility important?
With the current trend of high turnover, internal mobility can be a powerful tool for boosting the retention rate for employees.
By giving employees opportunities to grow with new experiences, it can increase overall job satisfaction—reducing the likelihood of them leaving for a new job elsewhere.
Besides increasing job satisfaction, internal mobility makes the most of what employees have to offer. Giving employees experience in different roles or departments helps them develop new skills that can make your company more self-sufficient.
By promoting internal mobility, you’ll have a talented, highly skilled team that can fill in most of the skills gaps that may appear—so you won’t have to regularly look outside the company for talent acquisition, saving you time and money.
Examples of internal mobility
Role-to-role mobility – When an employee moves to a new role at the same level of seniority within the company.
Transfer – When an employee continues their same role for the organization, but at a different location.
Promotion – When a team member is promoted to a higher-level position in the company.
Project-based mobility – When a team of employees, with different kinds of expertise, is put together for a specific project.
Job rotations – When an employee moves temporarily between different roles or departments to gain new experiences and learn new skills.
Development programs – When an organization provides training or development programs to help employees acquire new skills and prepare them for different roles within the company.
Benefits of internal mobility
Reduced costs – Hiring new people can be expensive. Businesses can reduce costs by filling open positions with internal candidates who already understand the organization’s culture and processes.
Improved employee retention rates – When employees feel that they have opportunities to grow and advance, they’re more likely to stay with the company long-term.
Increased engagement – With opportunities to learn, grow and take on new challenges within a company, employees feel more engaged and motivated.
Improved productivity – Internal mobility exposes employees to new people, processes, and ways of thinking.This gives team members valuable knowledge that they can apply to their work.
How do you promote internal mobility?
You can start by establishing an internal mobility program. Share new opportunities for promotions or job rotations with employees from every department, making it clear that everyone is welcome to apply.
You can also offer training, online courses, and conferences to help employees gain new skills and knowledge.
Make sure that all teams are aware of these opportunities through job postings, internal newsletters, and regular one-on-one check-ins—and inspire your people to go for them. Give them the time and support they need to pursue their development goals.
Another way of promoting internal mobility is by encouraging collaboration between different departments and teams. This exposes employees to areas of the company they may be unfamiliar with, and helps them build relationships with people who can give them guidance on advancing their careers.
Employees want to learn and grow. If a company supports employee development and learning opportunities, then it will also end up helping internal mobility to become an established part of company culture.
Internal mobility best practices
For internal mobility, it’s important to develop a clear career path for each role in your company. At the same time, keep opportunities open to all employees, so that they can try switching roles and transfer their skills.
When it comes to these opportunities, try putting together a recruitment team to find internal talent and promote from within.
For that to be effective, start regular job rotations within the organization so that you cross-train employees—giving them experience in different roles so that they have the transferable skills needed to take those opportunities, should they wish to.
Internal mobility is a long-term investment. But the businesses that promote it in the long-run reap the benefits, creating a productive workplace with happier employees.
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